The #1 Secret to Amazing Time and Calendar Management

The #1 Secret to Amazing Time and Calendar Management Everyone makes plans. We do, you do. Plans incorporate multiple aspects of a wanted future situation: what will happen, how, where, and when.Today we are concerned with the ‘when’ of our plans, i.e. with time and calendar management.A well-planned event is placed in time, and that includes the exact date and often hour of its execution.WHAT IS TIME AND CALENDAR MANAGEMENT?This term is somewhat vague. We can manage neither time nor calendar. Hours go by, so do days, weeks, months, years.No one person can change or organize that in any way.But what you can manage is how you spend your time.And it is here that we come across the intended meaning behind this phrase.Time management is a broad term with the meaning of planning when an event will take place.Calendar management is a more narrow term, and it refers to placing a certain event in a particular month, week, and day.They are to some extent, interchangeable, and we will mostly use the phrase ‘time management’ to refer to bo th in this article.WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF TIME AND CALENDAR MANAGEMENT?Time and calendar management are very beneficial, and here is why.1.  Enough Time for EverythingManaging your time makes you think about the exact amount of time you need for an activity.When you know that you have 30 minutes to clean your room and that after that you have to help your family move out the old furniture, you will realize that you have enough time for both activities and that you are left with the whole afternoon off.2.  Clear Picture Writing a to-do list lets you organize your thoughts and this, in turn, gives you a clear picture of is achievable and in how much time.After you have finished your planning, you will find that you have (or do not have) space for going out to get a can of beer with your best friend even though you have a dozen errands to run for the family.3.  Efficient and Productive WorkAnother benefit is the efficiency with which you will fulfill your duties.With a clear picture in your mind, you will be able to focus on one thing at a time and be fast in finishing each task.The logical continuation would be your becoming more productive.When you work with great results, you will become more motivated and less stressed.Productivity and efficiency yield good results and a doing work of high quality. Everyone will be satisfied!4.  Realized GoalsEfficient and productive work naturally leads to more goals being achieved, to more effective work and to a more successful worker.As you realize a bigger number of goals, you will discover your true potential.And you will see that it only took good time management to get you there!WHAT MISTAKES DO PEOPLE MAKE WHEN THEY MANAGE THEIR TIME?Have you ever tried making a to-do list? Have you ever failed to follow it?If you have experienced failure in this field, maybe you made one of these mistakes. 1.  Not PrioritizingNot all tasks are of equal importance.Finding what is more and what is less important allows you to be awa re of how much energy you need for a certain task.Spending too much energy on something insignificant will reduce the effort put into a more important duty.2.  Letting Distractions Get in the WayWe rarely think about distractions when we plan a to-do list.But this is a very realistic and possible situation.How do you deal with a distraction when you encounter one? Do you leave everything else behind and resolve the distraction first?If you do, maybe you should evaluate the emergency of the newfound issue and only then decide when to approach it.3.  Too Much on the ListIt is not a good practice to put too much on your own plate.Are you sure you can do all of that? Instead, why not weeding out the stuff of low importance for today?It is better to do a small number of things and be left with free time than to do a large number of things and be left with more to do and no energy for it.4.  MultitaskingIt may seem like a good idea to match two activities and plan to do them at the same t ime.You would save time this way, right?Well, we beg to disagree.Multitasking, though seemingly saving time, can actually make you less productive.If you focus on more than one thing, it is not likely that you will do your task as well as when you pay attention only to it.5.  Choosing Wrong Time for an ActivityThere is an appropriate timing when certain tasks are most likely to be finished successfully.For example, if you choose to read your emails as your last activity of a day, it may affect your sleep due to much information which will stick in your mind.You should avoid such mistakes and plan your activities based on the timing as well.HOW TO MANAGE YOUR TIME WELL?There are many tips on successful time and calendar management.Some are better, and others are worse. Some are more, and others are less useful.We will take a look at some tips which are in the running for the title of the #1 secret to amazing time and calendar management. 1.  Choose Your GoalsNominee number 1 is a wis dom of bearing in mind the ultimate goal you want to achieve.Based on it, you then choose the appropriate duties and tasks which will be the steps towards achieving the said goal.This may include both short-term and long-term planning.An example of a short-term goal would be cleaning the house. This goal, in particular, can be broken down to many subtasks.These would include doing the dishes, doing the laundry, sweeping or vacuuming the floor, dusting, etc.A long-term goal can be buying a car.Bearing that in mind, you may plan to go to a big supermarket once or twice a month and use discounts on big purchases.You may add finding a part-time job to the list. Then, finding a job is a task which should be decomposed into searching newspapers and the internet, writing a CV, applying, etc.All in all, the ultimate goal gives you the perspective into the future and your tasks a significance.2.  PrioritizeThis advice is very important, as you don’t want to spend too much energy on tasks w hich are not very important and leave the important things behind.The urgent and important scale is very useful in this case. The Eisenhower method is very useful in distinguishing priorities.UrgentNot UrgentImportant12Not Important34If you take a look at the table above, you can see that according to this method, problems under 1 should be done personally as soon as possible. Problems under 2 should be scheduled to a later time. Number 3 are those which should be delegated to someone else, and number 4 should not be done at all.Actually, there are many methods you can use for this.Yes, you can skip this step, but in that case, you will surely see at one point that you are wasting time on something that may have waited or that may have been done by someone else.So, plan carefully and set your priorities.It is quite a useful advice, right? But is it that advice #1 that we are searching?3.  Make Room for Unpredicted SituationsVery rarely do we accomplish our plans without something un predicted comes up. It may be a small obstacle or a big issue.They need to be inserted into the plan list. But can we predict them?Unfortunately, not always.What you should do in order not to let these get in the way of the successful finish of your tasks is to leave some space in your plan for the unpredictable.You will find something to fill your time once everything is done.Basically, what you can do is leave 10 or 15 minutes between the planned activities.This has several advantages. If something comes up out of the blue, you will have time to spare, should you choose to deal with it right away.On the other hand, if nothing occurs, you have free time.Whether you will use it to take a short break or to move on with the next task, it is up to you. Whatever the case, you will surely be happy to have done this.This is a useful piece of advice, don’t you think? Is this the one?4.  Do Not Let Distractions Get in the WayThis tip is connected with the previous one.On the one hand, the re are unpredicted situations which can occur.On the other hand, we live in a world full of distractions.Take your phone into consideration, and be frank â€" when you hear it ring, do you pick it up immediately (or at least have the instinct to do it)?Most people do, even though this is often not necessary.Distractions are quite hazardous for efficiency. Not only do they steal your attention, but they often keep it.Would you not agree that it is much easier to focus on the distraction than on the actual thing you are working on? Can you guess how many distractions there were while this text was being written?Well, we would prefer you not to guess.Would you vote for this to be the tip number 1?5.  Make Plans on TimeThe next candidate for the #1 secret to amazing time and calendar management is calendar-related: plan in advance!It is a matter of great importance to make timely plans which will give you enough time to make changes if they are necessary.You will see the big picture, and it will be easier for you to make the necessary decisions, such as the deadline to be met, the resources to be used, and maybe even some additional help if you need it.According to Brian Tracy, “It takes only about 10 to 12 minutes for you to plan out your day, but this small investment of time will save you up to two hours (100 to 120 minutes) in wasted time and diffused effort through the day.”One more advantage of planning at least a day ahead is that your mind with work on that list during the night and you may think of some very interesting ideas when you get up.Isn’t that fascinating?May this be the one tip without which all the others are just not enough?6.  Focus on One Thing at a TimeThough you may have many things of your list for today, it is advisable never to take on more than one thing at a time.The reason is quite simple â€" multitasking divides your attention on multiple things, in multiple directions; you probably need to think in different ways for each of t hem.This leads to ineffective work and to tasks done half well or not well enough.On the other hand, if you do only one thing from the beginning to the end, without diverting your attention to anything else, you make sure to do your best. It may seem to take you more time this way, but it is actually not.Just imagine revising student’s tests and at the same time planning a school play with a colleague. Which of these two are you doing successfully?It is quite possible that you will either mark a test wrong on miss out on a piece of important information regarding the play.Would you agree that this advice is fairly in the running for the best one?7.  Give Yourself a BreakWhat do you do when you feel tired of work? Do you push yourself to do more or leave everything and go outside? Do you go to sleep or call a friend? Or do you change your office or seat and move on?Do not forget that everyone needs a break. Taking time off helps us regenerate, physically and mentally. It doesn’t matter how much time you need or what you need to do if you feel you really need a pause, make it.It is even smarter to plan several short breaks during a multi-hour work.Although you may not feel tired at the moment of a planned break, you will still recover from the strain, be it a small one, and you will be able to continue work even better than before.The appropriate thing to do is what you feel you need. Sometimes you will need to take a short walk, to drink some water or eat a candy bar.Maybe you will need to do some exercise and get that negative energy out of your system.Sometimes a talk with someone close will do the trick. Whatever it is, don’t deprive yourself of what you need.Being relaxed, it certainly is an appealing tip? But is it the best?8.  Say NoBeing there for others is noble, but there is a time when you need to say no.If you have a lot on your plate and a colleague asks you ‘just to do this one small thing, it will not take you much time’, it would be bes t to reject it.Or make it clear that you will do it only if you manage to finish your own tasks on time.What do you think about this advice? Put your obligations first.This may seem somewhat selfish on first sight, but let us look it from another angle.IF you put aside your duties in order to do another person’s ones, you will subconsciously think about the things that are awaiting you.You will not even be able to help your friend well.You will do them a bad favor, and you will also do your tasks badly. No one wins in that situation, right?But if you choose to finish your work, if there is time for more, you will help a colleague with a clear head, and everything will be done perfectly.Good advice, don’t you think?9.  Choose a Theme for Your DayIf you plan several days ahead, put most (but not all) activities with a similar theme in one day.This way, you will get the most out of it. Your mind will focus on this theme, and you will be productive and efficient.Think about this, as it may be just the thing you need to become a perfect time manager.For example, if you are planning a general cleaning of your house, you may divide the chores by topics â€" wash and arrange clothes one day, do the floors and dusting another day, clean the kitchen and the bathroom the next day.Or you can divide the work by rooms and clean a room or two every day.However, remember to add some diversity to your day as well. Your mind needs a break and variety as well.Be open-minded, if a great idea comes to your mind, and it is planned for another day, write it down and who knows, maybe you will have time at the end of the day to try it.So if you are cleaning the bathroom and you realize that there is a lot of dirty clothes you don’t have to wait for the clothes day to do it, but turn on the washing machine and finish that today.Sorting colorful clothes is definitely a more interesting activity than washing the sink, and it may be just the right thing to help you regain your motiva tion and move on to cleaning the shower, as was planned.10.  Review Your List RegularlyIf you make a long-term plan, it is a good idea to review it occasionally. Maybe some tasks will prove to be unnecessary after some time. You can remove them. Maybe some need to be revised and changed.Maybe some will have to be replaced with something else.Let’s take a look at the following situation â€" you are preparing for a holiday abroad.You have made a list of the things you will pack, the things you need to buy, who will take care of your pet when you are away and who will water your plant.At one moment, the plant dries out, and suddenly you no longer need anyone to water it. Review your list and cross out the unnecessary task.Also, despite the warm clothes you packed, you find out it is going to be quite hot at your destination at the time when you arrive.Review your to-do again and change the clothes you are going to wear during the trip.May this piece prove useful?Yes. Is it good enoug h to become the ultimate one? We are yet to see.FINAL WORDHaving read our text, would you say that any of the aforementioned tips are efficient enough to be declared number one?OR none of them?So, in the end, how should we choose?Well, there is one more thing which should be mentioned and which we have been failing to mention throughout the whole text â€" sticking to the plan.We took this for granted, but maybe we should not have.No matter how good or bad your schedule seems to be (and mind that there is no bad plan, just possible one which not very efficient), if you don’t follow it, you are in for failure.If you don’t stick to your plan, we have written this text in vain, and you have been reading it in vain!So, be your plan elaborate or brief, DO the things on the list and by doing them, all you have mastered the secret to amazing time and calendar management! Don’t procrastinate!

Restorative Justice Is A System Of Criminal Justice

Restorative justice is a system of criminal justice that focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community at large. Understanding the definition may be really hard to understand, however when we put it in a different form that many can understand it comes down to repair, encounter and transformation. Our book describes restorative justice in three parts as accountability, community protection and competency development (Sieh, 2006). Accountability gives the offender the opportunity to take responsibility for their actions. The offender needs to acknowledge that the behavior that was committed resulted from a choice, and that they had a choice to not commit this criminal act that affected the victim greatly. Along with acknowledgement, it is also taking action to repair the harm that was committed (Guide For Implementing the Balanced and Restorative Justice Model, n.d.). The offender also needs to make the necessary changes to avoid this same behavior in the future and committing a criminal act in the future. With accountability as a goal a process and the offender are guided through the process by many participating individuals within the justice system. The probation or parole officers may be on the front line to help guide the offender through the process and allow them to have the face to face meeting with community members or the victim. There needs to be a support system, this can include family, extendedShow MoreRelatedRestorative Justice : The Criminal Justice System987 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept in the criminal justice arena, restorative justice has become a popular tool in the fields of both victimology and criminology (Doble Greene, 2000). According to Doble Greene, (2000) Restorative justice has been defined as: â€Å"A theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused or revealed by criminal behavior. 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Hudson Restorative Justice Other than the conventional Criminal Justice process there is a new way to handle crime called the Restorative Justice program. This program exists only in certain cities throughout the United States. The Restorative Justice program has the purpose to reduce crime. This program has many steps, and during the course of the process hasRead MoreRestorative Justice: Reconciliation of Society, the Victim and the Offender1335 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristic of restorative justice- to reconcile society, the victim and the offender- but also to rehabilitate the offender so that he is no longer an â€Å"enemy† of the criminal justice system. This form of justice is gaining support in South Africa; however there are limitations to this form of justice which also in turn limit its success in the future. Restorative justice alone is definitely not a method of justice which we can adopt but it may be possible that this form of justice can help if it

Prevention Of Child Abuse And The Protection Of Children

Policy Summary This policy outlines our commitment to child protection. It includes our protocols when child abuse is reported to us or suspected by us. It also includes notes regarding the safe practices to be taken to prevent child abuse. All staff are expected to be familiar with this policy and to abide by it. Purpose statement We have an obligation to ensure the wellbeing of children and young persons under 17 years of age who are receiving services from any staff member of our organisation. We are committed to the prevention of child abuse and neglect and to the protection of all children. The safety and wellbeing of the child is our top priority when investigating suspected or alleged abuse. We support the roles of the New†¦show more content†¦Ã¢Ë†â€™ Child protection – activities carried out to ensure that children are safe in cases where there is suspected abuse or neglect or are at risk of abuse or neglect. − Designated person for child protection – the manager/supervisor or designated person responsible for providing advice and support to staff where they have a concern about an individual child or who want advice about child protection policy. − Disclosure – information given to a staff member by a child, parent or caregiver or a third party in relation to abuse or neglect. − Child, Youth and Family – the agency responsible for investigating and responding to suspected abuse and neglect and for providing care and protection to children found to be in need. − New Zealand Police – the agency responsible for responding to situations where a child is in immediate danger and for working with Child, Youth and Family in child protection work and investigating cases of abuse or neglect where an offence may have occurred. − Physical abuse – any acts that may result in physical harm of a child or young person. 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Discuss the Use and Impacts of Anabolic Steroids on the Human Body Free Essays

Human understanding of anabolic steroids began when Arnold Adolph Berthold (1849) demonstrated loss of male characteristics in testes-deprived cockerels. Experiments carried out in castrated dogs and later in humans demonstrated the anabolic effects of testosterone (Kochakian, 1936). Testosterone became the first ever synthetic anabolic steroid when created from cholesterol and from which all the steroids used currently are derived. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss the Use and Impacts of Anabolic Steroids on the Human Body or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anabolic steroids exert their anabolic effects on muscle and bone, and their androgenic effects on hair follicles in the skin, the liver and kidneys, and the haematopoietic, immune and central nervous systems (Mooradian et al. , 1987). Thus their ergogenic properties promote human secondary sexual characteristics, such as muscular growth and physical strength (Evans, 2004). Steroids are relatively small molecules and they can passively diffuse into cells. In target tissues, that is, the cells that contain steroid receptors, the hormone binds to the receptor ligand-binding domain, causing the receptor to change from an inactive to active state. In target tissues where intracellular enzymes are present, the action of testosterone is mediated by metabolism. Testosterone is irreversibly converted by the enzyme 5a-reductase to 5a-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which binds with greater affinity to the androgen receptor, or by aromatase to oestradiol, which binds to the oestrogen receptor (Shahidi, 2001). Testosterone and DHT can be also converted to weaker androgens, again being dependent on whether the target tissue has the necessary enzyme activity, e. g. , 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. With structural modifications to testosterone, the anabolic effects of androgens can be enhanced but, even so, these cannot be divorced entirely from their androgenic effects. Hence, a more accurate term for anabolic steroids is anabolic–androgenic steroids [AAS] (Kuhn, 2002). The widespread use of anabolic steroids started during World War II, when it was found that this artificial form of testosterone could be used to help malnourished soldiers gain weight and improve performance. After the war, athletes began to use steroids to enhance their performance in competitions. In the 1956 Olympics, Soviet athletes, especially wrestlers, performed at exceptionally high levels. After learning that those athletes were using testosterone, Dr. Zeigler, an American physician created a more selective form, of what we know as anabolic steroids. From that point until the early 1970’s, steroids became increasingly popular among not just Olympic athletes, but also professional sports players and high school athletes. In 1975, the International Olympic Committee finally banned the use of steroids in Olympic competition. Although anabolic steroids are controlled substances in several countries, their use for cosmetic purposes such as development of bulging muscles and a well-toned figure is not uncommon since, it is considered a harmless manipulation. Use of these AAS involves several risks that could cause problems in both the short and long term. Prolonged use of anabolic steroids increases one’s risk of sudden death due to serious conditions like ventricular hypertrophy, thrombo-embolism and cerebro-vascular disorders. However, the cardiovascular consequences of supra- physiological androgen levels had not been determined fully until now. A research study revealed that AAS caused the impairment of vascular reactivity. It also revealed that abstention from AAS consumption, significantly improves vascular functions (Lane et al, 2006). Anabolic steroid use may also cause muscle and tendon tears, acne, liver cirrhosis, abnormal increase in cholesterol levels, and bipolar and aggressive behavior. Females undergo a deepening of the voice, increased hair loss, facial hair growth and depletion of female hormones, like estrogen and progesterone. The most common problems for male users are reduced testosterone production, resulting in the shrinking of their testicles; erectile dysfunction, reduced sperm production and reduced sperm count. In teenagers, the continued use of AAS stops bone development (Kicman, 2008). Conversely, AAS also corrects physical problems and are employed in treatment of cachexia associated with chronic disease states, to increase testosterone levels and their effects in males whose levels are below ‘normal’ (Lew, 2007). Only relatively recently that these agents are being revisited for clinical purposes and their efficacy still needs to be demonstrated in terms of improved physical function and quality of life. For clinical purposes, the administration of these drugs can be of therapeutic benefit and reasonably safe, with the physician making objective decisions based on the benefit/risk ratio in relation to a patient’s condition. Hence it is important not to overstate the medical risks associated with anabolic steroid use (Hoffman and Ratamess, 2006) but to emphasize that the hazards to health are dependent on the sex, the dose, the duration of administration, whether hepatoxic 17a-alkylated steroids are being administered and the susceptibility of the individuals themselves to androgen exposure which is probably dependent on genetic factors, age and lifestyle. How to cite Discuss the Use and Impacts of Anabolic Steroids on the Human Body, Papers

Personal Statement Essays (389 words) - Animation, December

Personal Statement So, sweetheart, what would you like for Christmas, my dad asked while I was sitting down flipping through some catalogs one December afternoon. As I put the last of the catalogs down, I went into my room and thought about what I wanted. I never truly desired anything until that year. I was eleven. Within the past couple months in school, we had received new computers. While being introduced to Photoshop and the Internet simultaneously, I knew what I wanted out of my life. The way Photoshop manipulated pictures and backgrounds, and overlapped them with the transparency command, I knew that web designing was for me. Later on that evening as I scooped up the mashed potatoes from my plate and put them into my mouth, I heard my mothers voice, Hunny, your father and I are going shopping tomorrow, have you decided what you want for Christmas yet? I gently nodded my head up and down, and responded, Yes, but its too expensive, so Ill pass. They requested my answer again saying they will decided if it costs too much money. So, I told them that I wanted an Internet ready computer with Photoshop and other manipulative programs. Weeks had gone by and Christmas crept closer. Finally, it was 6:00AM Christmas morning as my younger brother began to bang on my door singing Christmas carols. My parents and I arose quickly, and ran to the Christmas tree. As I opened to what I thought was my last gift, a sweater of course, my dad had disappeared. I could hear him calling my name from the empty room down the hall. I wasnt sure what he wanted, yet when I swung the door open I was in shock. There stood a seventeen inch monitor, tower, color printer, flat bed scanner, and a wire connected to the phone line. I didnt know whether to sit at the computer or to thank my parents. I questioned them, Mom? Dad? why would you spend so much money on a Christmas gift? My Mom replied, well, Ani (my nickname), we know that computers are your passion, and as with everything else we want to help you reach your goals. We would do anything to make it possible to pursue the things you want. I ran to my parents and gave them the biggest hug anyone could ever imagine. Acceptance Essays

The Difference Between Vice and Vise

The Difference Between Vice and Vise American English makes a distinction between vice (moral depravity) and vise (a tool). However, that distinction is not made in British English, where vice is used for both senses. Definitions The noun vice means an immoral or undesirable practice. In titles (such as vice president), vice means one who acts in the place of another. The expression vice versa means conversely or the other way around. In American English, the noun vise refers to a gripping or clamping tool. As a verb, vise means to force, hold, or squeeze as if with a vise. In both cases the British spelling is vice. Examples In those days the worst vice in England was pride, I guess- the worst vice of all because folks thought it was a virtue.(Carol Ryrie Brink, Caddie Woodlawn, 1936)The vice president acted as an intermediary to resolve disputes involving two or more agencies.Animals breathe in what animals breathe out, and vice versa.(Kurt Vonnegut, Cats Cradle, 1963)American usageHe went to the end of the tool bench and cranked open the vise, then slipped a small piece of sheet metal in and clamped the vise tight.(Trent Reedy, Stealing Air, 2012)American usageSometimes Rupert defined things in a new way- love grips you like a vise, then caresses you like a silk scarf, then bangs you on the head like an anvil.(Sabina Murray, A Carnivores Inquiry, 2004)British usageAfter softening a horn by boiling it in water, he flattens it in a vice before taking his razor-sharp penknife to carve a pheasant, fox, leaping salmon, or ram’s head as decoration.(Tony Greenbank, Master of the Crookmaker’s Cra ft. The Guardian [UK].,  May 4, 2015) British usageI had caught her in my arms, and the sting and torment of my remorse had closed them around her like a vice.(Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White, 1859) Usage Notes In American English, a vice is an immoral habit or practice, and a vise is a tool with closable jaws for clamping things. But in British English, the tool is spelled like the sin: vice.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern English Usage, 4th  ed. Oxford University Press, 2016)Warren County deputies were called to investigate a shooting in Lake Luzerne, New York, on the evening of May 12, 2007. When they arrived, they found the victim, Damion Mosher, had sustained a wound in his abdomen from a 22-caliber bullet. Even though the deputies werent from the vice squad, they quickly discovered that the perpetrator was . . . a vise. Mosher had been discharging the bullets by clamping them in a steel vise, putting a screwdriver on the primer, and striking the screwdriver with a hammer so he could sell the brass shell casings for scrap (which goes for $1.70 a pound). Mosher was on his nearly hundredth bullet when he lost the final round.(Leland Gregory, Cruel and Unusual Idiots: Chronicles of Mea nness and Stupidity. Andrews McMeel, 2008) Practice (a) The problem with a lot of people is that what they think is a virtue is actually a _____ in disguise.(Kevin Dutton, The Wisdom of Psychopaths, 2012)(b) Migraines, the bane of my life, surged up; my head felt as if it were clamped in a powerful _____.(Maud Fontenoy, Challenging the Pacific: The First Woman to Row the Kon-Tiki Route, 2005)(c) What used to happen in fashion was that the pendulum would swing: if thered been short hair for a while, then it would go long, and _____  versa.(Sam McKnight, Kate Moss Hair Stylist: British People Wear Their Hair as a Tribal Badge. The Guardian [UK],  September 15, 2016) Answers (a) The problem with a lot of people is that what they think is a virtue is actually a vice in disguise.(Kevin Dutton, The Wisdom of Psychopaths, 2012)(b) Migraines, the bane of my life, surged up; my head felt as if it were clamped in a powerful (vise [US] or vice [UK]).(Maud Fontenoy, Challenging the Pacific: The First Woman to Row the Kon-Tiki Route, 2005)(c) What used to happen in fashion was that the pendulum would swing: if thered been short hair for a while, then it would go long,  and vice versa.(Sam McKnight, Kate Moss Hair Stylist: British People Wear Their Hair as a Tribal Badge.  The Guardian  [UK],  September 15, 2016)

Biography of Harriet Tubman, Helped Slaves to Freedom

Biography of Harriet Tubman, Helped Slaves to Freedom Harriet Tubman (c. 1820–March 10, 1913) was a slave, fugitive, Underground Railroad conductor, abolitionist, spy, soldier, and nurse known for her  service during the Civil War and her advocacy of civil rights and womens suffrage. Tubman remains one of historys most inspiring African-Americans and there are many childrens stories about her, but those usually stress her early life, escape from slavery, and work with the Underground Railroad. Less known are her Civil War service and her other activities in the nearly 50 years she lived after the war. Fast Facts: Harriet Tubman Known For: Abolitionist causes, Civil War work, civil rightsAlso Known As:  Araminta Ross, Araminta Green, Harriet Ross, Harriet Ross Tubman, MosesBorn: c. 1820 in Dorchester County, MarylandParents: Benjamin Ross, Harriet GreenDied: March 10, 1913 in Auburn, New YorkSpouses: John Tubman, Nelson DavisChildren: GertieNotable Quote: I had reasoned this out in my mind, there was one of two things I had a  right  to, liberty or death; if I could not have one, I would have the other; for no man should take me alive. Early Life Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in Dorchester County, Maryland, in 1820 or 1821, on the plantation of Edward Brodas or Brodess. Her birth name was Araminta, and she was called Minty until she changed her name to Harriet- after her mother- as an early teen. Her parents, Benjamin Ross and Harriet Green, were enslaved Africans who saw many of their 11 children sold into the Deep South. At age 5, Araminta was rented to neighbors to do housework. She was never good at household chores and was beaten by her owners and renters. She wasnt educated to read or write. She eventually was assigned to work as a field hand, which she preferred to housework. At age 15, she suffered a head injury when she blocked the path of the overseer pursuing an uncooperative slave. The overseer flung a weight at the other slave, hitting Tubman, who probably sustained a severe concussion. She was ill for a long time and never fully recovered. In 1844 or 1845, Tubman married John Tubman, a free black man. Shortly after her marriage, she hired a lawyer to investigate her legal history and discovered that her mother had been freed on a technicality upon the death of a former owner. The lawyer advised her  that a court wouldnt likely hear the case, so she dropped it. But knowing that she should have been born free led her to contemplate freedom and resent her situation. In 1849, Tubman heard that two of her brothers were about to be sold to the Deep South, and her husband threatened to sell her, too. She tried to persuade her brothers to escape with her but left alone, making her way to Philadelphia and freedom. The next year, Tubman decided to return to Maryland to free her sister and her sisters family. Over the next 12 years, she returned 18 or 19 times, bringing more than 300 people out of slavery. Underground Railroad Tubmans organizing ability was crucial to her work with the Underground Railroad, a network of opponents of slavery that helped fugitive slaves escape. Tubman was only 5 feet tall, but she was smart and strong and carried a rifle. She used it not only to intimidate pro-slavery people but also to keep slaves from backing out. She told any who seemed ready to leave that dead Negroes tell no tales about the railroad. When Tubman first reached Philadelphia, she was, under the law of the time, a free woman, but passage of the  Fugitive Slave Act in 1850 made her a wanted fugitive again. All citizens were obligated to aid in her recapture, so she had to operate quietly. But she soon became known throughout abolitionist circles and freedmens communities. After the Fugitive Slave Act passed, Tubman began guiding her Underground Railroad passengers to Canada, where they could be truly free. From 1851 through 1857, she lived parts of the year in St. Catherines, Canada, and Auburn, New York, where many anti-slavery citizens lived. Other Activities In addition to her twice-yearly trips to Maryland to help slaves escape, Tubman developed her oratorical skills and began speaking publicly at anti-slavery meetings and, by the end of the decade, womens rights meetings. A price had been placed on her head- at one time it was as high as $40,000- but she was never betrayed. Tubman freed three of her brothers in 1854, bringing them to St. Catherines. In 1857, Tubman brought her parents to freedom. They couldnt take Canadas climate, so she settled them on land she bought in Auburn with the aid of abolitionist supporters. Earlier, she had returned to rescue her husband John Tubman, only to find hed remarried and wasnt interested in leaving. Tubman earned money as a cook and laundress, but she also received support from public figures in New England, including key  abolitionists. She was supported by  Susan B Anthony,  William H. Seward, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Horace Mann, the Alcotts, including educator Bronson Alcott and writer  Louisa May Alcott, William Still  of Philadelphia, and Thomas Garratt of Wilmington, Delaware. Some supporters used their homes as Underground Railroad stations. John Brown In 1859, when John Brown was organizing a rebellion he believed would end slavery, he consulted Tubman. She supported his plans at Harpers Ferry, raised funds in Canada, and recruited soldiers. She intended to help him take the armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia to supply guns to slaves they believed would rebel against their enslavement. But she became ill and wasnt there. Browns raid failed and his supporters were killed or arrested. She mourned her friends deaths and continued to hold Brown as a hero. Civil War Tubmans trips to the South as Moses, as shed become known for leading her people to freedom, ended as the Southern states began to secede and the U.S. government prepared for war. Once war started, Tubman went South to assist with contrabands, escaped slaves attached to the Union Army. The next year, the Union Army asked Tubman to organize a network of scouts and spies among black men. She led forays to gather information and persuade slaves to leave their masters. Many joined regiments of black soldiers. In July 1863, Tubman led troops commanded by Col. James Montgomery in the Combahee River expedition, disrupting Southern supply lines by destroying bridges and railroads and freeing more than 750 slaves. Gen. Rufus Saxton, who reported the raid to Secretary of War  Edwin Stanton, said: This is the only military command in American history wherein a woman, black or white, led the raid and under whose inspiration it was originated and conducted. Some believe Tubman was allowed to go beyond womens traditional boundaries because of her race. Tubman, believing she was employed by the U.S. Army, spent her first paycheck on building a place where freed black women could earn a living doing laundry for soldiers. But she wasnt paid regularly or given rations she believed she deserved. She received only $200 in three years of service, supporting herself by selling baked goods and root beer, which she made after she completed her regular duties. After the war, Tubman never got her back military pay. When she applied for a pension- with the support of  Secretary of State William Seward, Colonel T. W. Higginson, and Rufus- her application was denied. Despite her service and fame, she had no official documents to prove she had served in the war. Freedmen Schools After the war, Tubman established schools for freedmen in South Carolina. She never learned to read and write, but she appreciated the value of education and supported efforts to educate former slaves. She later returned to her home in Auburn, New York, which was her base for the rest of her life. She financially supported her parents, and her brothers and their families moved to Auburn. Her first husband died in 1867 in a fight with a white man.  In 1869 she married Nelson Davis, who had been enslaved in North Carolina but served as a Union Army soldier. He was often ill, probably with tuberculosis, and frequently couldnt work. Tubman welcomed several children into her home, raising them as her own, and supported some impoverished former slaves, financing her efforts through donations and loans. In 1874, she and Davis adopted a baby girl named Gertie. Publishing and Speaking To finance her life and her support of others, she worked with historian Sarah Hopkins Bradford to publish  Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman in 1869. The book was initially financed by abolitionists, including Wendell Phillips and Gerrit Smith, the latter a supporter of John Brown and first cousin of suffragist  Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Tubman toured to speak about her experiences as Moses. In 1886, Bradford, with Tubmans help, wrote a full-scale biography of Tubman titled  Harriet Tubman: Moses of Her People.  In the 1890s, she finally was able to collect a pension as Davis widow: $8 a month. Tubman also worked with Susan B. Anthony on womens suffrage. She attended womens rights conventions and spoke for the womens movement, advocating for the rights of women of color. In 1896, Tubman spoke at the first meeting of the National Association of Colored Women. Continuing to support aged and poor African-Americans, Tubman established a home on 25 acres next to her home in Auburn, raising money with help from the AME Church and a local bank.  The home, which opened in 1908, initially was called the John Brown Home for Aged and Indigent Colored People but later was named for her. She donated the home to the AME Zion Church with the proviso that it would be kept as a home for the elderly.  She moved into the home in 1911 and died of pneumonia on March 10, 1913. Legacy Harriet Tubman became an icon after her death. A World War II Liberty ship was named for her, and in 1978 she was featured on a commemorative stamp. Her home has been named a national historic landmark. The four phases of Tubmans life- a slave; an abolitionist and conductor on the Underground Railroad; a Civil War soldier, nurse, spy and scout; and a social reformer- are important aspects of her dedication to service. Schools and museums bear her name and her history has been told in books, movies, and documentaries. In April 2016, Treasury Secretary Jacob J. Lew announced that Tubman would replace President Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill by 2020, but the plans were delayed. Sources Timeline of the Life of Harriet Tubman. Harriet Tubman Historical Society.Harriet Tubman Biography. Harriettubmanbiography.com.Harriet Tubman: American Abolitionist. Encyclopaedia Britannica.Harriet Tubman Biography. Biography.com.